California has been experiencing a concerning trend in the last few years: more and more wealthy Californians are packing their bags and high-tailing it out of state. While California has long been an economic powerhouse and a hub for innovation, the allure is fading for many affluent residents. In 2023, the state population fell to the lowest it's been since 2015, dipping just below 39 million, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
Are Taxes to Blame?
One significant factor driving this retreat is the state's high taxation rates, a controversial issue among the wealthy. California consistently ranks among the highest-tax states in the nation, with a progressive income tax system that imposes higher rates on higher income brackets. Individuals earning over $1 million face the highest state income tax rate, around 13.3%. When combined with federal income taxes, California is in a league of its own in terms of tax burden.
For high-net-worth individuals, the substantial tax burden in California is a large financial consideration. The desire to keep more of their income has prompted many wealthy residents to seek relief in states with friendlier tax climates. States like Texas, Florida, and Nevada, which do not have state income tax, have become attractive destinations for those who seek to make the most of their money. However, many other factors besides state income tax go into whether or not a state actually has cost-effective living options.
Is It the Cost of Living?
Apart from high income taxes, the cost of living in California, particularly in metropolitan areas like Los Angeles and San Francisco, is another major concern for the wealthy. Skyrocketing housing prices, coupled with elevated living expenses, have caused many residents to reevaluate making their home in California. In contrast, states with a lower cost of living provide an appealing alternative, allowing the wealthy to maintain their lifestyles without compromising their financial well-being.
Is California Business-(un)Friendly?
California's environment and business policies have also played a role in the escape of wealthy residents. Many entrepreneurs and business owners feel held back by the state's strict regulations and bureaucracy. The perception of a more business-friendly environment in states like Texas has led to a migration of businesses and, consequently, their affluent owners seeking economic growth and prosperity.
Was COVID the Proverbial Nial in the Coffin?
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated remote work trends, allowing workers everywhere to reconsider where they actually want to live. Physical proximity to the office is no longer a requirement, widening the horizons for Californians everywhere. This shift has made relocation possible for those who didn’t believe it was an option for them before.
The exit of wealthy Americans from California is a phenomenon driven by a combination of high taxation rates, the cost of living, business considerations, and changing work dynamics. While California continues to be a global economic powerhouse, the trend suggests that the state may need to reassess its policies to retain its affluent residents and the economic contributions they bring. As California grapples with its loss, the rest of the country waits to see what’s next for the state to keep its status as a destination for innovation and prosperity.
